Translation and Validation of the Premenstrual Assessment Form-Short Form Questionnaire in Hungarian.

Introduction: Premenstrual symptoms, including premenstrual syndrome and its more severe form premenstrual dysphoric disorder, are a set of somatic and psychological symptoms that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Our research aimed to adapt the Hungarian version of the Premenstrual Assessment Form-Short Form (PAF-SF), a questionnaire suitable for assessing premenstrual symptoms, and to examine its reliability, validity, and applicability. Methods: The questionnaire was validated according to Beaton's six-step guidelines. Our sample consisted of 198 menstruating women, 50 of whom completed the instrument for a second time to assess reliability. Descriptive statistics were calculated presenting mean (standard deviation), the internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha value, the test-retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients, Spearman rank correlation was applied to test the criterion validity of the questionnaire, and discriminant validity was examined using the independent-sample t test using IBM SPSS 28.0 software. The structural validity was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using IBM AMOS 29.0 software. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Our sample (average age 25.37 ± 4.80 years) scored 28.08 ± 9.49 points out of the maximum 60 points when filling out the PAF-SF questionnaire. The result of Cronbach's alpha calculation, which supports the reliability of the questionnaire, was 0.845. During the CFA, the three-factor structure (Affect, Water Retention, and Pain) was supported (root mean-square error approximation [RMSEA] = 0.054; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.965; Comparative Fit Index = 0.976; χ2 = 48.642; df = 31; p = 0.023; χ2/df = 1.569). Discussion: The PAF-SF questionnaire proved to be a reliable measuring tool for assessing premenstrual symptoms among women of reproductive age.

Multicomponent Exercise Intervention for Preventing Falls and Improving Physical Functioning in Older Nursing Home Residents: A Single-Blinded Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: Older nursing home residents are at a greater risk of falling due to frailty. Exercise is effective at hampering frailty and related adverse events, including falls. Objectives: Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of a 12-week moderate-intensity multicomponent exercise programme on the number of falls and physical functioning among older nursing home residents. Also, we examined the association between the number of falls and demographics as well as physical and cognitive baseline data. Methods: The study protocol was registered on clinicaltrials.gov with the following identifier: NCT05835297. Older adults aged 65 years and over were recruited from a nursing home, and eligible and consenting residents were randomly allocated to two parallel groups: the intervention group, which performed a multicomponent exercise programme composed of strength, balance, and aerobic training (n = 12), and the control group, which received usual care (n = 12). Outcomes included falls, and measures of strength, balance, and mobility. Results: We had high adherence to exercise sessions, and no adverse events were recorded. We observed a non-significant reduction in falls (p = 0.34) and a significant improvement in Short Physical Performance Battery (p = 0.003) after the exercise programme. Falls were associated with being female and having diminished physical or cognitive function. Conclusions: Multicomponent exercise programmes should be implemented regularly in nursing homes for their effectiveness. Future studies with bigger samples, including participants with worse physical and cognitive impairments, as well as follow-up periods are required.

Effect of Resistance Exercise on Body Composition and Functional Capacity in Older Women with Sarcopenic Obesity-A Systematic Review with Narrative Synthesis.

BACKGROUND: Resistance exercise has shown effectiveness in reducing various risk factors related to sarcopenic obesity (SO) compared to other types of exercise, e.g., aerobic exercise. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review evaluates the effect of resistance exercise on body composition, muscular strength, and functional capacity among older women with sarcopenic obesity aged ≥ 60 years. METHODS: This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO (registration No. CRD42023394603) and follows the PRISMA guidelines. The following electronic databases were used to search the literature: Pedro, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science. We included only RCTs that investigated the effect of resistance exercise on body composition and functional capacity. Two independent reviewers conducted the process of study selection and data extraction. RESULTS: The search strategy retrieved 687 results. One hundred and twenty-six records were deleted as duplicates. Consequently, 534 studies were excluded after the title/abstract assessment. After further detailed evaluation of twenty-seven full texts, seven RCTs were included; all the RCTs examined the isolated effect of resistance exercise in women with sarcopenic obesity. The included studies comprised 306 participants, with an average age of 64 to 72 years. We noticed a trend of improvement in the included studies among the intervention groups compared to the control groups among the different outcomes. The study protocol was inconsistent for the intervention settings, duration, and outcomes. Including a modest number of trials made it impossible to perform data meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Heterogeneity among studies regarding training protocols and the outcome measures reported limited robust conclusions. Still, resistance exercise intervention can improve body composition and functional capacity among elderly women with sarcopenic obesity.

Association of Outdoor Physical Activity and Sports with Life Satisfaction among Women of Reproductive Age According to a European Representative Sample-A Longitudinal Analysis.

(1) Background: Low life satisfaction (LS) is associated with impaired mental and physical health. Outdoor physical activity (PA) has diverse somatic and psychological benefits. This study aimed to analyse the associations between sports settings and LS in women of reproductive age. (2) Methods: Special Eurobarometer on Sport and Physical Activity (2022, 2018, 2013) data on regularity and settings of sports/PA, LS and sociodemographic variables were analysed. The representative sample consisted of 18,489 women (34.60 ± 9.36 years). Pearson χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted, using IBM SPSS version 28.0 according to the STROBE guidelines. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. (3) There was a significant difference in LS based on sports settings (χ2 = 409.696, p < 0.001). In the outdoor group, a 21.4% higher probability of being "very satisfied" compared to the non-outdoor, 30.0% higher compared to the inactive group, was found (R2N = 0.151). Dividing the sample by age, a significant effect remained in middle adulthood (35-44 years p = 0.002 and 45-49 years p = 0.033). (4) Conclusions: Our results underline the importance of the promotion of outdoor, green exercise and the development of special interventions to maintain or improve the psychological well-being of women in reproductive age.

Examination of Physical Activity Patterns of Children, Reliability and Structural Validity Testing of the Hungarian Version of the PAQ-C Questionnaire.

INTRODUCTION: Several studies report on the importance of physical activity (PA) in childhood, which influences attitudes towards health in adulthood. For monitoring PA, trustworthy measurement tools are needed. The study aimed to adapt the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) to the Hungarian language and assess its validity, reliability, and factor structure. METHODS: A total of 620 children (the average age was 10.62 (SD 2.36)) participated in the cross-sectional study. To assess physical activity, the PAQ-C questionnaire was used. The collected data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 28.0 and IBM SPSS AMOS 29.0 software. RESULTS: The internal consistency was acceptable (alpha = 0.729) and the test-retest reliability showed acceptable agreement (ICC = 0.772). The confirmatory factor favoured a one-factor structure of the questionnaire. The average PAQ-C score for girls was 2.87 (SD 1.07), and for boys it was 3.00 (SD 1.05), which showed a significant difference (p = 0.005). DISCUSSION: Based on our findings, our study tested the validity and reliability of the one-factor PAQ-C questionnaire, a valid and reliable measurement tool to test the physical activity patterns of primary school children in a Hungarian sample. Further research is needed to develop physical activity monitoring of Hungarian children.

Effectiveness of exercise interventions on fall prevention in ambulatory community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review with narrative synthesis.

Objective: To present a systematic review of randomized controlled trials which summarizes the effects of community-based resistance, balance, and multi-component exercise interventions on the parameters of functional ability (e.g., lower extremities muscle strength, balance performance and mobility). Methods: This PROSPERO-registered systematic review (registration no. CRD42023434808) followed the PRISMA guidelines. Literature search was conducted in Cochrane, Embase, Ovid Medline, PEDro, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science. We included RCTs that investigated the following interventions: lower extremity strengthening, balance and multi-component exercise interventions on ambulatory community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years. Results: Lower extremity strengthening exercises revealed significant effects on the strength of lower extremity, balance outcomes and mobility. Balance exercises reduce the rate of injurious falls, improve static, dynamic and reactive balance, lower extremity strength as well as mobility. Multi-component exercise training reduces medically-attended injurious falls and fallers, incidence of falls, fall-related emergency department visits as well as improves mobility, balance, and lower extremity strength. Conclusion: Physical exercises are effective in improving the components of balance, lower extremity strength, mobility, and reducing falls and fall-related injuries. Further research on fall prevention in low-income countries as well as for older adults in vulnerable context is needed.

Investigation of premenstrual syndrome in connection with physical activity, perceived stress level, and mental status-a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a critical factor in women's health, which, in addition to physical inactivity, can be influenced by the body mass index (BMI), stress, and mental state, among others. The study aimed to assess the severity of PMS symptoms among young women regarding physical inactivity, BMI, mental state, and perceived stress level. Methods: A total of 198 female participants between the ages of 18-45 took part in a 6-month cross-sectional online questionnaire study. The average age of the participants was 25.37 ± 4.80 years. To assess physical activity, stress, mental state, and premenstrual symptoms, we employed standard questionnaires, including the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), and the Premenstrual Assessment Form-Short Form (PAF-SF). The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 28.0 software, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: During the analysis, we observed a significant relationship (p = 0.020) between regular exercise and the severity of PMS symptoms, as well as between mental state and PMS symptoms (p < 0.001). Furthermore, our findings revealed a significant negative correlation between regular physical activity and perceived stress levels (r = -0.179; p = 0.012), as well as between regular exercise and the participants' mental state (r = -0.157; p = 0.027). Additionally, we identified a significant difference (p < 0.001) among the six subgroups formed based on the PAF-SF and average PSS questionnaire results. Moreover, a significant difference was observed between the PAF-SF case and control groups in terms of BMI averages (p = 0.019). Discussion: The research findings indicate that the severity of PMS symptoms is influenced by regular physical activity, mental state, and stress.

Hungarian Women's Health Care Seeking Behavior and Knowledge of Urinary Incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Cross-sectional Study.

IMPORTANCE: Adequate knowledge about pelvic floor disorders could lead to increased health care-seeking behavior, improved symptoms, and quality of life. OBJECTIVES: The aims of the present study were to evaluate Hungarian women's knowledge about pelvic floor disorders and to assess health care-seeking behavior. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional survey from March to October 2022 using self-administered questionnaires. The Prolapse and Incontinence Knowledge Questionnaire was used to assess Hungarian women's knowledge about pelvic floor disorders. The International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form was used to gather information about the symptoms of urinary incontinence. RESULTS: Five hundred ninety-six women were included in the study. Urinary incontinence knowledge was deemed proficient in 27.7% of participants, while pelvic organ prolapse knowledge was deemed proficient in 40.4% of participants. Greater urinary incontinence knowledge was significantly associated (P < 0.001) with higher level of education (P = 0.016), work in a medical field (P < 0.001), and ever practiced pelvic floor muscle training (P < 0.001), whereas greater pelvic organ prolapse knowledge was significantly associated (P < 0.001) with higher level of education (P = 0.032), work in a medical field (P < 0.001), ever practiced pelvic floor muscle training (P = 0.017), and ever had pelvic organ prolapse (P = 0.022). Of the 248 participants who reported a history of urinary incontinence, only 42 (16.93%) women sought care. Care seeking was higher among women who were more knowledgeable about urinary incontinence and among women with more severe symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Hungarian women had limited knowledge about urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Health care seeking among women with urinary incontinence was low.

Managing disabled workers due to occupational accidents in Indonesia: a case study on return to work program.

BACKGROUND: Limited research and studies prove the usefulness of case management for persons with disabilities, which helps disabled employees recover their dignity through medical vocational, and psychological rehabilitation in underdeveloped countries' Return To Work (RTW) programs. METHODS: This qualitative case study design involved semi structured interviews with case managers as the primary data source, supplemented by secondary data from BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. Data analysis utilized QDA Miner Lite and Python with ArcGIS integration for descriptive visualization. RESULTS: The RTW program of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan has already adopted ILO's fundamental suggestion, which creates two central themes: internal aspects that are essential to the RTW framework and external variables that impact RTW practice. The key themes produce six main pieces to discuss further: personal skill, personal literacy, providers, guidelines, authorities, and stakeholder support. CONCLUSION: Return to Work Program benefits companies, and the implementation of a career development service or a partnership with non-governmental organizations guarantees that disabled employees who cannot return to work with their former employers are still in the global economy.

Academic Burnout, Family Functionality, Perceived Social Support and Coping among Graduate Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Academic burnout and the COVID-19 pandemic have greatly impacted the academic life and mental health of graduate students. This study aims to address the mental health issue in graduate students by relating it to family functionality, perceived social support, and coping with academic burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were gathered from a cross-sectional study with 519 graduate students across universities in Hungary and other European countries. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory Student, Family APGAR Index, the brief form of the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale were used to measure academic burnout, family functionality, perceived social support, and coping, respectively. Structural equations modeling was used for statistical analysis. The results revealed a negative effect of family functionality, perceived social support, and coping on academic burnout. The inverse relationship between perceived social support and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was identified, and mediated by coping and family functionality. These findings may offer patterns and predictors for future graduate students and higher-education institutions to identify outside factors that are implicated in academic burnout, especially in outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Current Practice in Pediatric Cow's Milk Protein Allergy-Immunological Features and Beyond.

Cow's milk protein allergy is one of the most common pediatric food allergies. It poses a significant socioeconomic burden in industrialized countries and has a profound effect on the quality of life of affected individuals and their families. Diverse immunologic pathways can lead to the clinical symptoms of cow's milk protein allergy; some of the pathomechanisms are known in detail, but others need further elucidation. A comprehensive understanding of the development of food allergies and the features of oral tolerance could have the potential to unlock more precise diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic approaches for patients with cow's milk protein allergy.

Athlete anxiety questionnaire: the development and validation of a new questionnaire for assessing the anxiety, concentration and self-confidence of athletes.

Introduction: Anxiety is one of the most prevalent issues among athletes. Therefore, measuring the stress caused by high-stakes situations could be important for investigating the issue. In sports psychology literature, no valid and reliable questionnaire is available in Hungarian for assessing the anxiety experienced by athletes in high-stakes situations. This study aimed to create a new Hungarian questionnaire to measure anxiety, self-confidence, and concentration during high-stakes contests. Methods: 263 athletes of various sports participated in the cross-sectional study (age: 16.18 ± 3.46 years). The structure of the Anxiety Athletes Questionnaire (AAQ) was examined through factor analysis, where exploratory factor analysis (EFA) as well as confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were carried out. The internal consistency of the subscales of AAQ was measured by Cronbach's alpha. Through a convergent validity test, the AAQ questionnaire was compared to the subscales of the CSAI-2 and ACSI-28 questionnaire subscales by Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. Through a discriminant validity analysis, the differences by age group, sex, and sport variables were examined by AAQ scores. The Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were utilized in the analysis. The SPSS 28.0 software was used for the statistical analysis, and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Four factors have been identified through the EFA. The CFA analysis showed the four-factor model an acceptable model fit (SRMR, RMSEA CFI, TLI). Cronbach's alpha of the four subscales showed acceptable internal consistency (cognitive anxiety: α = 0.871; somatic anxiety: α = 0.700; self-confidence: α = 0.832; concentration: α = 0.747). The convergent validity showed a weak or moderate, significant relationship between AAQ subscales and subscales of CSAI and ACSI (R = -0.398-0.412). Conclusion: The Athlete Anxiety Questionnaire can be considered a reliable and valid measurement tool for measuring athletes' anxiety, self-confidence and concentration in high-stakes situations.

Prenatal dance activity enhances foetal and postnatal cognitive and motor development.

Introduction: No research has examined the impact of any physical-artistic-cognitive activity on foetal neurodevelopment. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of a unique prenatal dance activity in pre- and postnatal cognitive and motor development as a complementary health care practice. Methods: 26 clinically uncomplicated primiparas and multiparas with singleton pregnancies and their later born children were examined in this prospective study at the University of Pécs, Hungary. The activity group participated in supervised, 60-min, twice-weekly, moderate-intensity prenatal dance classes for 19.56 ± 3.97 weeks, whereas the control group did not. We determined the developmental ages of their children with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development in both groups at 5 weeks of age and in the activity group at 33 months of age. Results: Prenatal dance activity did not cause any adverse outcomes. Infants in the activity group had significantly higher mean developmental ages than the control group regarding cognitive skills (P < 0.001), receptive (P < 0.001) and expressive communication (P = 0.007), fine (P < 0.001) and gross motor (P = 0.001). As toddlers their mean developmental ages were significantly higher than their mean calendar age regarding cognitive skills (P = 0.001), receptive (P = 0.001) and expressive communication (P = 0.001), fine (P = 0.002) and gross motor (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Our results confirm the safe implementation of this prenatal dance activity and the more advanced cognitive and motor development of children in the activity group as infants compared to the control group and as toddlers compared to the norm. These results offer a novel approach to dance in pre- and postnatal clinical practice.

Disease-Specific Knowledge, Physical Activity, and Physical Functioning Examination among Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain.

Physical activity, physical functioning, and pain are some of the most critical factors of low back pain (LBP) treatment and prevention, but it was unknown that the back school program (BSP) influences the physical activity level of the patients with LBP. Data from 306 healthy patients and patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (cnsLBP) were used. We used the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), the Low Back Pain Knowledge Questionnaire (LKQ), the visual analog scale, and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). The significance level was set at p < 0.05. The amount of sedentary time in cnsLBP patients enrolled in the BSP was significantly lower compared to the other two groups (p < 0.001). Significantly higher moderate-intensity activities, leisure time activities, and active transportation were observed in the cnsLBP patients enrolled in the BSP than in the other two groups (p < 0.001). RMDQ scores and the pain intensity of the cnsLBP patients enrolled in the BSP were significantly lower than in patients with LBP receiving only exercise therapy (p < 0.001). The physical activity level and low-back-pain-specific knowledge was significantly higher, while back-related disability and pain intensity were significantly lower among patients with low back pain syndrome who participated in a back school program.

Fecal calprotectin levels in pediatric cow's milk protein allergy.

Introduction: The most prevalent food allergy in younger children is cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA), a hypersensitivity reaction to cow's milk protein and its most common clinical manifestation is allergic colitis. The goal of our recent study was to assess somatic symptoms of CMPA and to prospectively observe the effects of a dairy elimination diet using objective parameters and questionnaires. Methods: The County Hospital in Szekszárd, Hungary, investigated children aged 1 to 18 who had clinical signs that might indicate CMPA. Stool samples were taken and analyzed using a fecal calprotectin (FC) rapid test (Quantum Blue fCAL, Bühlmann Laboratories, Switzerland) at the time of the diagnosis and following 3 months of an elimination diet. At the baseline visit as well as the first and second follow-up, questionnaires were filled out. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to dietary guidelines based on the results of the questionnaires. Results: A total of 47 patients participated in the study [42.55% female, mean age: 7.36 (SD 4.22) years]. There was no significant difference in FC levels between baseline and after 3-month elimination diet [73.98 (71.12) µg/g and 68.11 (74.4) µg/g, respectively, p = 0.331]. After three months, there was a significant decrease in FC levels among patients who adhered to the strict diet [84.06 (79.48) µg/g and 41.11 (34.24) µg/g, respectively, p = 0.001]. Conclusion: The findings of our study suggest that FC can be an objective marker in confirming the diagnosis of CMPA. Significant improvement in clinical symptoms and in FC levels can only be expected after a strictly followed elimination diet.

Pre-Treatment Physical Activity Could Positively Influence Pregnancy Rates in IVF despite the Induced Oxidative Stress: A Cohort Study on Salivary 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine.

(1) Background: This study was designed to define whether pretreatment habitual physical activity (PA)-induced oxidative stress (OS) influences outcome measures by using 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in saliva samples of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). (2) Method: In this cohort study, samples were obtained from 26 patients (age: 34.6 ± 5.5 years, BMI: 25.3 ± 5.1, infertility: 51.0 ± 28.7 months) before the treatment and a follow-up of outcome measures of IVF/ICSI. The 8-OHdG was evaluated by Abcam's ELISA (ab201734), PA patterns by GPAQ-H and ActiGraph GT3X; (3) Results: The number of matured oocytes was positively influenced by the GPAQ-H recreation MET (R2 = 0.367, F = 10.994, p = 0.004; ß = 0.005, p = 0.004, B Constant = 4.604) and a positive significant relationship (R2 = 0.757, F = 17.692, p < 0.001, B Constant = 1.342) was found with GPAQ-H recreational PA MET (ß = 0.004, p < 0.001), and Grade 1 embryos and higher very vigorous activity (GT3X) were accompanied (R2 = 0.958, F = 408.479, p < 0.001) by higher ß-hCG levels (ß = 63.703, p ≤ 0.001). Unanticipated positive correlation between 8-OHdG and ß-hCG level (R = 0.467, p = 0.028) was noticed, and there were significant differences in 8-OHdG in biochemical pregnancies (pregnant: 54.82 ± 35.56 ng/mL, non-pregnant: 30.06 ± 10.40 ng/mL, p = 0.022) as well. (4) Conclusions: Pretreatment PA could positively influence reproductive performance in IVF/ICSI despite the induced OS. However, a more sensitive biomarker and the recommended amount of activity should be further investigated.

Introducing the Hungarian Version of the SCREENIVF Tool into the Clinical Routine Screening of Emotional Maladjustment.

Examining possible psychosocial maladjustments should be an integral part of fertility care. For the early detection of vulnerability, the present study aimed to adapt and test the reliability and validity of the Hungarian version of SCREENIVF against the Fertility Quality of Life Questionnaire (FertiQoL) in a cross-sectional on subfertile women (n = 60, age 34.6 ± 5.2 years, BMI 24.2 ± 4.9 kg/m2) at a university linked fertility clinic in South-Hungary. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to investigate the construct validity. For the reliability testing, Cronbach alpha values were calculated. Spearman's rank correlation tested the criterion validity. Discriminant validity was applied using Mann−Whitney U-test and Kruskal−Wallis test. The Edinburgh Framework and COSMIN checklist were applicable for the analysis using SPSS 27.0; significance was set at p < 0.05. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit; all dimensions were reliable (α ≥ 0.70). Cronbach's alpha was excellent (0.825−0.904). Strong correlations were found between the total scale (FertiQoL) and anxiety (R = −0.507, p < 0.001), depression (R = 0.554, p < 0.001), and helplessness cognitions (R = −0.747, p < 0.001) and moderate or no correlation with acceptance cognitions (R = 0.317, p = 0.015) and social support (R = 0.230, p = 0.082). The Hungarian version of SCREENIVF proved a valid and reliable tool to measure psychological maladjustment before ART. A longitudinal, randomized, controlled trial involving the partners could further strengthen the results, which is among our long-term plans.

Characteristics of Homebirth in Hungary: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Homebirth is legal and has been regulated by law in Hungary since 2012. Despite the obvious advantages of homebirth, it has not yet been broadly accepted, due to various opinions related to safety and risks associated with giving birth outside of a hospital. Our study aimed at exploring both real maternal and feto-neonatal characteristics associated with Hungarian homebirths. A total of 2997 cases were considered in support of our retrospective cohort study. In the examined period, there was a significant, continual rise in the number of homebirths by a rate of 0.22% on average per year. Aggregated maternal complications (primary uterine inertia, prolonged second stage labour, and third stage haemorrhage) were prevalent among homebirth cases (1.29% vs. 0.72%, p < 0.05) and were associated with an average of 11.77% rate of transfer to a health care institution. On the other hand, the rate of operative (vaginal or caesarean) delivery was 26.31% among institutionalized births. A slightly better Apgar score and relatively high rate (20%) of caesarean deliveries were correlated with institutionalized births (p < 0.05). However, the overall intervention rate was lower among homebirths (0.11% vs. 42.57%) than institutional birth cases (p < 0.001). Overall, homebirth is a reliable option for childbirth for healthy and low-risk mothers with uncomplicated pregnancies, which is reflected in the increasing number of deliveries at home in Hungary. Furthermore, utilizing the experiences of countries where homebirth is a long-established method may further improve the outcome of homebirths in Hungary.

Comparison of Metabolic Characteristics of Physically Active Individuals with Different Training Habits during Incremental Treadmill Test.

The number of people engaging in self-conducted regular physical activity is increasing, but the effects of home fitness and individually planned workouts on health and metabolism are unknown. We aimed to examine the effects of regular training conducted without the supervision of professionals on exercise metabolism in our cross-sectional observational study. Forty-five physically active volunteers, classified into three groups, based on the type and frequency of their training (group 1 frequent long-term endurance, group 2 three times per week aerobic training, and group 3 two times per week short aerobic and resistance training), fulfilled a vita maxima incremental treadmill test. Aerobic capacity (VO2max), MET (metabolic equivalent of task), and metabolic responses were examined. The results were evaluated by ANOVA and Bonferroni and Scheffe multiple comparison analysis using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 23 programs. (p < 0.05). Significant differences were found between group 1 and 3 in VO2max (p = 0.46) and MET (p = 0.46) between group 1 and 2, in FatmaxHR (heart rate on maximum fat oxidation) (p= 0.04). We concluded self-conducted regular physical activity has positive effects on metabolism and health. Aerobic training performed four times per week showed the most beneficial effects on metabolism and health maintenance. In addition, based on our findings, strength training performed two times per week is recommended.

Nurses' burnout and quality of life: A systematic review and critical analysis of measures used.

BACKGROUND: Nurses' burnout might affect their quality of life, productivity and nursing care services. AIM: The aim of this systematic review was to systemically review the relationship between nurses' burnout and quality of life and to introduce practical recommendations to reduce nurses' BO and improve their QOL. METHODS: In April 2021, MeSH terms (("Nurses"[Mesh]) AND "Burnout, Professional"[Mesh]) AND "Quality of Life"[Majr] were used to search five electronic databases: CINAHL, PubMed, Medline, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection and Google Scholar. RESULTS: The search produced 21 studies exploring nurses' burnout and their quality of life within the last ten years (2009-2021). Most of these studies found significant relationships between the burnout dimension(s) and quality of life dimension(s) among the nurses. CONCLUSION: Nurses have moderate to high levels of burnout and were negatively associated with poor quality of life. Interventional programs are needed to decrease nurses' burnout and improve their quality of life.